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Froydis Wekre has said:
"No pencil, no career" when students forget to have a pencil during their lesson!

Mark your music clearly, neatly and minimally, but mark everything you need to. This means if you play a c natural instead of a c#, write a sharp next to or above the note. The sign of a true professional is that he/she never makes the same mistake twice, NOT that he/she never makes mistakes!

Don't circle things in your music. A circle requires your brain to go through three steps to get to the correction:
1) See the circle
2) Process why the circle is there
3) Think of the correction

It's much better to mark that correction directly (as in the c# described above. Also, in the Music Theater world a circle around a note or passage means you should tacet (leave that part out)!

When marking ensemble music, think of the players who may read from this part in the future. Let's say you're playing a wind quintet piece, the clarinet player in your group is Sarah, and there's a passage where you play with her. If you write, "Sarah" above the passage, that will mean nothing to other players in the future. But, if you write, "Listen to clarinet", others can benefit from that!

THINGS YOUR TEACHER DOES NOT WANT TO HEAR YOU SAY IN YOUR LESSON:

“I’m sorry.”

Missing a note or playing an incorrect rhythm is nothing to apologize for. It’s the teacher’s job to help you realize your mistakes and give you guidance as to how to correct them; it’s your job to correct them. There’s no blame or guilt involved!

“I just played this perfectly in the practice room.”

You need to be able to play well when someone is listening. Your lesson is a performance situation for an audience of one. Listen to yourself in the practice room as though an audience is present, and you may find that you listen in a different way.

“Oh, I do that wrong every time.”

You are practicing doing something wrong if you do it more than once. A professional approach is to try and never make the same mistake twice. Mark a correction for what you did incorrectly, and be specific. For example, if you miss an accidental, write in the accidental. If you miss-read a low note, write in the letter name of the note. Write neatly, directly above or below the note in question.